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References

Adult references

  • Bengtsson B-Å. The consequences of growth hormone deficiency in adults. Acta Endocrinologica . 1993;128:2-5.
  • Vance ML. Hypopituitarism. N Engl J Med . 1994;330:1651-1662.
  • Attanasio AF, Lamberts SWJ, Matranga AMC, et al., and the Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency Study Group. Adult growth hormone (GH)-deficient patients demonstrate heterogeneity between childhood onset and adult onset before and during human GH treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1997;82:82-88.
  • Binnerts A, Deurenberg P, Swart GR, Wilson JHP, Lamberts SWJ. Body composition in growth hormone-deficient adults. Am J Clin Nutr . 1992;55:918-923.
  • Rosén T, Bosaeus I, Tölli J, Lindstedt G, Bengtsson B-Å. Increased body fat mass and decreased extracellular fluid volume in adults with growth hormone deficiency. Clin Endocrinol . 1993;38:63-71.
  • Salomon F, Cuneo RC, Hesp R, Sönksen PH. The effects of treatment with recombinant human growth hormone on body composition and metabolism in adults with growth hormone deficiency.N Engl J Med . 1989;321:1797-1803.
  • Cuneo RC, Salomon F, Wiles CM, Hesp R, Sönksen PH. Growth hormone treatment in growth hormone-deficient adults. II. Effects on exercise performance. J Appl Physiol . 1991;70:695-700.
  • Jorgensen JOL, Thuesen L, Müller J, Ovesen P, Skakkebæk NE, Christiansen JS. Three years of growth hormone treatment in growth hormone-deficient adults: near normalization of body composition and physical performance. Eur J Endocrinol . 1994;130:224-228.
  • Johannsson G, Grimby G, Sunnerhagen KS, Bengtsson B-Å. Two years of growth hormone (GH) treatment increase isometric and isokinetic muscle strength in GH-deficient adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1997;82:2877-2884.
  • Cuneo RC, Salomon F, Wiles CM, Sönksen PH. Skeletal muscle performance in adults with growth hormone deficiency. Horm Res . 1990;33(suppl 4):55-60.
  • Cuneo RC, Salomon F, Watts GF, Hesp R, Sönksen PH. Growth hormone treatment improves serum lipids and lipoproteins in adults with growth hormone deficiency. Metabolism . 1993;42:1519-1523.
  • Rosén T, Edén S, Larson G, Wilhelmsen L, Bengtsson B-Å. Cardiovascular risk factors in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency. Acta Endocrinologica . 1993;129:195-200.
  • Kaufman J-M, Taelman P, Vermeulen A, Vandeweghe M. Bone mineral status in growth hormone-deficient males with isolated and multiple pituitary deficiencies of childhood onset. J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1992;74:118-123.
  • O'Halloran DJ, Tsatsoulis A, Whitehouse RW, Holmes SJ, Adams JE, Shalet SM. Increased bone density after recombinant human growth hormone (GH) therapy in adults with isolated GH deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1993;76:1344-1348.
  • Rosén T, Hansson T, Granhed H, Szucs J, Bengtsson B-Å. Reduced bone mineral content in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency. Acta Endocrinologica . 1993;129:201-206.
  • Cuocolo A, Nicolai E, Colao A, et al. Improved left ventricular function after growth hormone replacement in patients with hypopituitarism: assessment with radionuclide angiography. Eur J Nucl Med . 1996;23:390-394.
  • Fazio S, Cittadini A, Sabatini D, et al. Growth hormone and heart performance: a novel mechanism of cardiac wall stress regulation in humans. Eur Heart J . 1997;18:340-347.
  • Merola B, Cittadini A, Colao A, et al. Cardiac structural and functional abnormalities in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1993;77:1658-1661.
  • Rosén T, Wiren L, Wilhelmsen L, Wiklund I, Bengtsson B-Å. Decreased psychological well-being in adult patients with growth hormone deficiency. Clin Endocrinol . 1994;40:111-116.
  • Bengtsson B-Å, Edén S, Lönn L, et al. Treatment of adults with growth hormone (GH) deficiency with recombinant human GH. J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1993;76:309-317.
  • McGauley GA. Quality of life assessment before and after growth hormone treatment in adults with growth hormone deficiency. Acta Pædiatr Scand . 1989;356:70-72.
  • Hunt SM. Developing a measure of quality of life for adults with growth hormone deficiency. Drug Information J. 1994;28:3-11.
  • Björk S, Jönsson B, Westphal O, Levin J-E. Quality of life of adults with growth hormone deficiency: a controlled study. Acta Pædiatr Scand . 1989;356:55-59.
  • Wallymahmed ME, Baker GA, Humphris G, Dewey M, MacFarlane IA. The development, reliability and validity of a disease specific quality of life model for adults with growth hormone deficiency. Clin Endocrinol . 1996;44:403-411.
  • Data on file, Eli Lilly and Company.
  • Nass R, Huber RM, Klauss V, Müller OA, Schopohl J, Strasburger CJ. Effect of growth hormone (hGH) replacement therapy on physical work capacity and cardiac and pulmonary function in patients with hGH deficiency acquired in adulthood. J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1995;80:552-557.

Pediatric references

  • Allen DB, Brook CGD, Bridges NA, Hindmarsh PC, Guyda HJ, Frazier D. Therapeutic controversies: Growth hormone (GH) treatment of non-GH deficient subjects. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994;79:1239-1248.
  • Kuczmarski RJ, Ogden CL, Grummer-Strawn LM, Flegal KM, Guo SS,Wei R, Mei Z, Curtin LR, Roche AF, Johnson CL. CDC growth charts: United States. US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics. Advance Data. 2000;314:1-28.
  • Ranke MB, Grauer ML, Kistner K, Blum WF,Wollmann HA. Spontaneous adult height in idiopathic short stature. Horm Res. 1995;44:152-157.
  • Data on File. Genetics and Neuroendocrinology of Short Stature International Study (GeNeSIS), Eli Lilly and Company. June 2003.
  • Quigley CA, Crowe BJ, Anglin DG, Chipman JJ, US Turner Syndrome Study Group. Growth hormone and low dose estrogen in Turner syndrome: results of a United States multi-center trial to near-final height. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(5):2033-2041.
  • Data on File. Lilly Research Laboratories. 1998-2001.
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